Price Elasticity of Supply

This is the third article in this series on the economic concept of elasticity. The first explains the basic concept of elasticity and illustrates it using price elasticity of demand as an example. The second article in the series considers Income Elasticity of Demand.  Ã‚   A brief review  of the concept of elasticity and of price elasticity of demand appears in the section immediately following. In the section following that income elasticity of demand is also reviewed.  In the final section, price elasticity of supply is explained and its formula given in the context of the discussion and reviews in the previous sections. A Brief Review of Elasticity in Economics Consider the demand for a certain good—aspirin, for example. What happens to the demand for one manufacturers aspirin product when that manufacturer—which well call manufacturer X—raises the price? Keeping that question in mind, consider a different situation: the demand for the worlds most expensive new automobile, the  Koenigsegg CCXR Trevita. Its reported retail price is $4.8 million. What do you think might happen if the manufacturer raised the price to $5.2M or lowered it to $4.4M?   Now, return to the question of the demand for manufacturer Xs aspirin product following an increase in the retail price. If you guessed that the demand for Xs aspirin  might decline substantially, youd be right. It makes sense, because, first, every manufacturers aspirin product is essentially the same as anothers—theres no health advantage whatsoever in selecting one manufacturers product over another. Second, the product is widely available from a number of other manufacturers—the consumer always has a number available choices. So, when a consumer selects an aspirin product, one of the few things that distinguish manufacturer Xs product from others is that it costs a little more. So why would the consumer choose X? Well, some might continue to buy aspirin X out of habit or brand loyalty, but many very probably would not. Now, lets return to the Koenigsegg CCXR, which currently costs $4.8M, and think about what might happen if the price went up or down a few hundred thousand. If you thought it might not change the demand for the car by that much, youre right again. Why? Well, first of all, anyone in the market for a multi-million dollar automobile is not a frugal shopper. Someone who has money enough to consider the purchase is unlikely to be concerned about price. Theyre concerned primarily about the car, which is unique. So the second reason why the demand might not change much with price is that, really, if you want that particular driving experience, theres no alternative. How would you state these two situations in more formal economic terms? Aspirin has a high price elasticity of demand, meaning that small changes in price have greater demand consequences. The Koenigsegg CCXR Trevita has a low elasticity of demand, meaning that changing the price doesnt greatly change buyer demand.  Another way of stating the same thing a little more generally is that when the demand for the product has a percentage change thats less than the percentage change in the products price, the demand is said to be inelastic. When the percentage increase or decrease in demand is greater than the percentage increase in price, the demand  is said to be elastic.   The formula for price elasticity of demand, which is explained in a little more detail in the first article in this series, is: Price Elasticity of Demand (PEoD) (% Change in Quantity Demanded/ (% Change in Price) A Review of Income Elasticity of Demand The second article in this series, Income Elasticity of Demand, considers the effect on demand of a different variable, this time consumer income. What happens to consumer demand when consumer income drops? The article explains that what happens to consumer demand for a product when consumer income drops depends upon the product. If the product is a necessity—water, for instance—when consumer income drops they will continue to use water—perhaps a little more carefully—but theyll probably cut back on other purchases. To generalize this idea slightly, consumer demand for essential products will be relatively inelastic  with respect to changes in consumer income, but elastic  for products that are not essential. The formula for this is: Income Elasticity of Demand (% Change in Quantity Demanded)/(% Change in Income) Price Elasticity of Supply The price elasticity of supply (PEoS) is used to see how sensitive the supply of a good is to a price change. The higher the price elasticity, the more sensitive producers and sellers are to price changes. A very high price elasticity suggests that when the price of a good goes up, sellers will supply a great deal less of the good and when the price of that good goes down, sellers will supply a great deal more. A very low price elasticity implies just the opposite, that changes in price have little influence on supply. The formula for price elasticity of supply is: PEoS (% Change in Quantity Supplied)/(% Change in Price) As with the elasticity of other variables If PEoS 1 then Supply is Price Elastic (Supply is sensitive to price changes)If PEoS 1 then Supply is Unit ElasticIf PEoS 1 then Supply is Price Inelastic (Supply is not sensitive to price changes) Incidentally, we always ignore the negative sign when analyzing  price  elasticity, so PEoS is always positive.

Gender and Sexuality in Sports Essay - 973 Words

Gender and Sexuality in Sports When individuals, male or female, decide to enter a non-traditional sport for his/ her gender, there will inevitably be benefits and costs. Because sports themselves are divided along gender and race lines, one would expect that individuals who intend to play a sport deemed by culture and by society as counterintuitive are bound to be criticized and alienated because of their choices. Difference automatically threatens conventions, traditions, and expectations, and hence, it threatens the individuals who belong to that traditional sphere. Because sports are affected as much by funding as they are by issues of diversity and accessibility, the following questions address those issues: which group of people†¦show more content†¦Women, however, are perceived by society as the gentler sex. Women are thought of as nurturers, mothers, daughters, but they are not thought of as being physically strong or physically capable of being strong. Once women began to enter the sports world, their coaches and spectators had different standards for them. They were expected to look feminine, to wear feminine uniforms, and to compete against each other but to have no physical contact with other players. The fact is that when women first began to play sports they were still something to be objectified. They were something to survey, and they had to be pleasing to the eye (mens eyes). I want foxes, not oxes (Ed Temple, Tennessee State 1952). This statement reinforces societys expectations regarding not only the ways women are supposed to look as they are engaged in a sport but it also gives credibility to the type of sports women are traditionally allowed to play. Because gender constructions have been so influential in deciding what positions men and women occupy in the world and what part of ones identity should be reinforced in the activities one chooses to engage in, men and womens involvement in sports that do not reflect cultural and/or societal expectations like weight lifting, body building, boxing for women, and synchronized swimming, figure skating, field hockey for men can result in a number of conflicts. It can lead to social,Show MoreRelatedFemale Gender And Sexuality Constructed Through Sport3418 Words   |  14 PagesHow is female gender and sexuality constructed through sport? Within sport, as throughout society, gender differences exist. The socially constructed phenomenon of gender dictates a dichotomous system whereby females are feminine and males are masculine. Focusing on females specifically, society determines the feminine traits and roles ascribed to this gender. Being domesticated, slender, passive and heterosexual are a part of the desirable appearance that society has formed surrounding femininityRead More Societal Views on Sports and Gender Essay846 Words   |  4 PagesSocietal Views on Sports and Gender Sports have become a major part of American culture and society. It is ingrained in us as a small child that playing a sport is almost necessary. In elementary school we take physical education where we are exposed to competitive sport. But even at this level it is our genders that control which types of sports are deemed appropriate. Since women started to become involved in sports, there have always been those who have opposed them being there. We sawRead MoreSex Tests And Gender Policies Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagesup normative ideas about bodies, genders and sexualities in order to preserve the societal hierarchy that greatly benefits them. White, cisgender, heterosexual males are often at the top of this hierarchy and are the active perpetrators of their imposed rigid standards. Categories are created by these dominant groups to exercise their control and those who do not fit or refuse to categorize themselves are punished, either metaphorically or literally. In the sports realm, these norms are ubiquitousRead MoreThe Effects Of Queer Theory On Post Secondary Sport Teams1397 Words   |  6 PagesDRAFT ASSIGNMENT The Effects of Queer Theory On Post-Secondary Sport Teams Shayna Stoymenoff SDS378 Instructor: David Pereira February 29, 2016 The issue of sexuality in sports is highly complex and controversial. Through queer theory, it enables one to challenge traditional and heteronormative assumptions regarding gender and sexuality by reconstructing labels used for sexual identification, emphasizing both physical and mental strength and skill among British male university students and rejectingRead MoreAnalysis Of A Miniature Lit 1742 Words   |  7 PagesJarvis Washington Miniature Lit Review Introduction Gender inequality in sport is a hot button issue in our society today. Women, for the most part, have been on the short end of the stick for centuries in reference to participation in sports. Way back in Ancient times, women were not even allowed to watch the Olympics games because they were deemed â€Å"ladylike†. Women slowly began to play sports beginning in the 1800s. Some notable events were the first all-women’s golf tournament in Scotland inRead More Black Women in Sports: Sexuality and Athleticism Essay935 Words   |  4 PagesBlack Women in Sports: Sexuality and Athleticism Men and women who chose to engage in sports from which they would traditionally be discouraged because of their gender, particularly as professionals, redefine the sport. The social and cultural costs are not the result of the individuals participation, but rather the way in which sports have been socially, politically, and economically constructed. Gender is only one of the few ways in which people are categorized according to their proficiencyRead MoreThe Body, Gender, And Sexuality964 Words   |  4 PagesAllise Sellers Unit 2 Reading Response The body, gender, and sexuality are intertwined concepts that have been simplified to a point that attempts to explain each of these characteristic constructs purely through biology. However, ignoring the social implications in various cultures takes away from the complex analysis these foundational human descriptors actually deserve. In the writings of R.W. Connell, Suzanne Kessler, S.E. Smith, Lisa Wade, Riki Wilchins, and Patricia Hill Collins, these authorsRead MoreSocio-Cultural Influences On Sexuality. Socio-Cultural1156 Words   |  5 PagesSocio-Cultural Influences on Sexuality Socio-cultural influence plays a major role in sexual behaviors. It gives a better comprehension on why men are men and women are women. These socio-cultural are influenced by physical, emotional, cultural and economic aspects. Time and time again research has proven that socio-cultural influences have a significant role in human sexuality. Culture is the manner of life of the people. Thus, culture shapes the ideas of what behaviors are acceptable for men andRead Moreâ€Å"Transsexual and Transgender Policies in Sport†, Essay931 Words   |  4 PagesPolicies in Sport†, the vast variety of genders that make up our society today including transsexuals and transgender are still not accepted into the world of sports due to anxieties from large sporting organizations. In our culture, there is a ‘binary structure’ which separates male from female. When a person is transsexual or transgender, the binary structure becomes challenged. There are so many exceptions t o the binary structure, that it becomes nearly impossible to universalize â€Å"gender inclusiveRead MoreDo A Fast Food Commercial That Will Become Explicit As This Paper984 Words   |  4 Pagescommercial for this assignment because it is a good example of intersectionality with different cultural identifiers: gender, athlete, fast food, and a bit of sexuality. The four cultural differences are all interweaved in a very interesting way; however, let’s discussed each one. With Ronda, gender comes up very quickly. A female that can fight at this level shouts volumes for not only gender roles, but also cultural values. The cultural of men or woman has changed over the course of time—change has been

Sobek, the Crocodile God of Ancient Egypt

The Nile River may have been Egypt’s lifeblood, but it also held one of its greatest dangers: crocodiles. These giant reptiles were represented in Egypt’s pantheon, too, in the form of the god Sobek. Sobek and the Twelfth Dynasty Sobek rose to national prominence during the Twelfth Dynasty (1991-1786 B.C.). Pharaohs Amenemhat I and Senusret I built on the already existing worship of Sobek in Faiyum, and Senusret II constructed a pyramid at that site. Pharaoh Amenemhat III dubbed himself â€Å"beloved of Sobek of Shedet† and added splendid additions to the crocodile god’s temple there. To top it off, the first female ruler of Egypt, Sobekneferu (â€Å"the Beauty of Sobek†), hailed from this dynasty. There were even several relatively obscure rulers named Sobekhotep who made up part of the succeeding Thirteenth Dynasty. Most prominently worshiped in the Faiyum, an oasis in Upper Egypt (a.k.a. Shedet), Sobek remained a popular god throughout Egypt’s millennia-long history. Legend has it that one of Egypt’s first kings, Aha, built a temple to Sobek in the Faiyum. In the Pyramid  Texts of the Old Kingdom pharaoh Unas, Aha is referred to as the â€Å"lord of Bakhu,† one of the mountains that supported Heaven. Sobek in Greco-Roman Times Even in Greco-Roman times, Sobek was honored. In his Geography, Strabo discusses the Faiyum, of Arsinoe, a.k.a. Crocodopolis (the City of the Crocodile) and Shedet. He says: â€Å"The people in this Nome hold in very great honor the crocodile, and there is a sacred one there which is kept and fed by itself in a lake, and is tame to the priests.† The croc was also venerated around Kom Ombo—at a temple complex built by the Ptolemies  and near the city of Thebes, where there was a cemetery full of crocodile mummies. A Monster in Myth In the Pyramid Texts, Sobeks mama, Neith, is mentioned, and his attributes are discussed. The Texts state: â€Å"I am Sobek, green of plumage[†¦]I appear as Sobek, Neith’s son. I eat with my mouth, I urinate and copulate with my penis. I am lord of semen, who takes women from their husbands to the place I like according to my mind’s fancy.† From this passage, it is clear that  Sobek was involved in fertility. In the Middle Kingdom-era Hymn to Hapy,  Sobek—who was the god of the Niles inundation—bares his teeth as the Nile floods and fertilizes Egypt. To further his monster-like demeanor, Sobek is described as having eaten Osiris. In fact, cannibalization of gods by other gods wasn’t uncommon. Crocodiles weren’t always seen as benevolent, however, they were  sometimes  thought to be messengers of  Set, god of destruction. Sobek helped Osiris’s son, Horus, when, Isis (Horus mother), cut his hands off. Re asked Sobek to retrieve them, and he did so by  inventing a fishing trap.

Authoritative And Authoritarian Parenting Styles Essay

Tashanique Jolliff Professor Li Huang Psychology 02 December 2016 Authoritative and Authoritarian Parenting Starting at birth, children begin to develop social and emotional skills. A strong foundation of social and emotional skills will help them make better choices in adulthood. It is important for parents, no matter their age, to ensure their children are adequately prepared to face challenges later in life by maintaining a loving home environment that nurtures their ability to learn about themselves and the world around them. Negative parenting styles are likely to hinder a child’s cognitive, language, social, emotional skills (like self-control and self-confidence) and wellbeing. These skills are essential for school readiness. Throughout childhood and teenage years’ people are obtaining life skills and problem-solving abilities that prepare them to resist and maneuver challenges in adulthood. During the 1960s, developmental psychologist Diana Baumrind described two different types of parenting styles based on her researcher with preschool-age children. One of the main parenting styles is known as the authoritative parenting style. This style is sometimes referred to as democratic and involves a child-centric approach in which parents hold high expectations for their children. Characteristics of the Authoritative Parenting Style: †¢ Listen to their children †¢ Encourage independence †¢ Place limits, consequences, and expectations on their children s behavior †¢ ExpressShow MoreRelatedThe Parenting Styles Authoritative, Authoritarian, And Permissive Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesparent your children? What is your parenting style? Experts have identified four major parenting types: Permissive, Authoritarian, Uninvolved, and Authoritative. Diana Baumrind (1966) was the one to identify three of the parenting styles Authoritative, Authoritarian, and Permissive. Martin and Maccoby (1983) expanded on Baumrind’s parenting styles and added the Uninvolved style. Which style of parenting do you think you fall into? Frist, Authoritative Parenting is considered the most successfulRead MoreParenting Styles, Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive And Uninvolved981 Words   |  4 PagesParenting style has a big impact on how children develop into adults, and there are important implications for their future success. (Ronald Riggio, 2014) How a parent treated their child will follow the child for the rest of its life. Different parenting styles and their punishments that follow can affect the child mentally (psychological disorders) and physically (obesity). While we all know some forms of punishment is uncalled for such as persistence spanking is not typically just punishment butRead MoreChildren And Parenting Styles Are Authoritarian, Permissive And Authoritative1031 Words   |  5 Pagesmake us into good people. Some parent’s were very strick with their children, while some were the complete opposite. However, according to Balswick and Balswick (2014), †Children who grow up with out adequate guidance become fertile ground for authoritarian leaders or cults that prey on neglected young people† (p. 113). Also, according to Wilson et al. (2011), maltreated children are in constant state of stress which can permanently damage their brains, speeding of slowing down emotional responsesRead MoreParenting Styles : Authoritarian, Permissive, Uninvolved, And Authoritative982 Words   |  4 PagesGood parenting is essential for a child’s educational and behavioral success and is a stressed trait throughout the world; however, in different cultures, good parenting can be defined and measured in many contrasting ways. In the United States, parenting and discipline methods have become controversial in the past fifty years, and the methods for raising children have drastically changed in some households. According to psychologist Diana Baumrind, there are four different parenting styles: authoritarianRead MoreParenting Styles: Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive, and Uninvolved879 Words   |  4 Pagesworldwide parenting skills are essential to maintain a healthy society. Parenting involves many aspects and requires many skills. It is a time to nurture, instruct, and correct in order to develop fundamental skills children will need to be mature, responsible, and contributing adults to a society. There are four commonly identified parenting styles; authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved parenting. Of the four parenting styles, two remain on opposite ends of the parenting spectrumRead MoreDifferent Parenting Styles, Authoritative, Authoritarian, Permissive, And Uninvolved Essay1538 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay explores the four different types of parenting styles, authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved. The exploration of each parenting s tyle is examined, and the outcomes of each parenting style for the child is learned. Each parenting style has positives and negatives, but overall this essay informs the reader about which parenting style is best linked to success in their child’s education. Information for this essay has been gathered from three sources, the sources beingRead MoreEssay about Parenting Styles745 Words   |  3 PagesParenting styles have been grouped into three different categories: authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative. The authoritarian approach to parenting provides children with a clear set of rules which have to be followed without question or reason, while permissive parents constantly are giving into their child’s every wish. The authoritative parenting style gives children rules along with explanations for those rules, and reinforces good behavior. Therefore parents should make sure theRead MoreParenting Styles And Its Effect On Children Essay1382 Words   |  6 Pagesundeniable that parenting styles and their effectiveness vary. In research, parenting styles have been split into four categories the authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and the uninvolved. Within these categories, researches have attempted to map the effectiveness of parenting styles and the positive and negative outcomes of each. Despite the eclectic and commonly erratic nature of family structures, practices, and norms, we can start to break apart the authoritarian, authoritative, permissiveRead MoreThe Benefits of Authoritative Parenting Style621 Words   |  3 PagesA child will either grow up in authoritative or authoritarian parenting. What are they? Authoritative is the style where the parents combine warmth and affection with firm limits on a child. Authoritarian is the style of parenting in which the parent is rigid and overly strict, showing little warmth to the child. A child who grows up in authoritative household will have parents who understand them and are willing to listen to them when they have problems. The parents will show that they love theirRead MoreInfluence Of Communication Between Parents And Their Children992 Words   |  4 PagesInfluence of communication between parents and their children, and how different parenting styles affect Childhood Development Language and communication are interdependent to one another. Communication influences the way that people think and interact with others, whilst language is used to express thoughts and feelings in order to better the communication between individuals. Therefore it is known that without the use of language, people would be unable to express their feelings which would lead

Preparation and Properties of soap Free Essays

Materials and Apparatus: Olive oil, 95% ethanol, beaker, 50% sodium hydroxide solution, Boucher alter, hot plate, salt solution, magnetic stirrer, filter funnel, glass rod, filter paper, weighing balance, watch glass and measuring cylinder. From the diagram above, we can clearly see that the ionic (highly polar and charges) natures of salts makes them soluble in water. However, the non- polar hydrocarbon (aliphatic) tail of the soap molecules would cause them to be miscible with non-polar substances and enable them to dissolve in water. We will write a custom essay sample on Preparation and Properties of soap or any similar topic only for you Order Now Normally, solid soaps are consist of sodium salts of fatty acids and liquid soaps consist of potassium salts of fatty acids. Soap can be prepared by a process known as specification. Historically, soaps were made by boiling the fat of animal, lye and in a aqueous Noah and KOCH solution containing potash. Of course, this was done long time ago before anyone had any idea of understanding the chemical transformations. Now, we know that this process is a reaction of esters with a strong base such as KOCH or Noah. The esters, triglycerides are the main constituents of vegetable oil and animal fats. The triglyceride is a trim-ester come along with 3 long fatty acid hydrocarbon chain. When triglyceride reacts with 3 equivalents strong aqueous base solution such as Noah or KOCH, the three ester bonds are hydroxide to yield 3 fatty acid salts (soap molecules) and one glycerol. The specification can also be called â€Å"base hydrolysis†. Industrially, soap is made by reaction of Noah together with vegetable fat. It is crucial to utilize enough Noah to make sure a complete specification Of triglycerides. If there is insufficient base, time and heat provided, then the result would be incomplete specification and the soap product can be very brittle. If the specification is complete, Nasal is added to precipitate the soap. The aqueous portion is decanted off. The remaining substance would be crude soap which contains some impurities such as Nasal, Noah or glycerol. In the lab, we do not have enough time to purify the crude soap. This purification would consist of re-dissolving the soap in boiling water and then cooling and precipitating again by adding Nasal. The soap in the experiment would be made out from olive oil, the chemical structure of olive oil (C52H9606) would be like this: Procedure: 1 . About ml Olive Oil was added to a mall_ beaker and dissolved it in ml of 95% ethanol. Excessive oil was not used to avoid additional ethanol to dissolve it. 2. When the olive oil was completely dissolved, the beaker was put on the hot plate and the temperature was maintained to about ICC. The flask was swirled to mix the solution. Next, ml of 50% Noah solution was poured down the glass-stirring rod intro the oil solution. A small amount of the Noah solution was trickled down the rod very slowly and then stopped to stir. Then, a little more Noah was trickled in. The Noah solution was not poured into the oil too quickly. This was due to the reason that pouring the Noah solution too quickly Will cause the oil to separate from the Noah solution, and the final product would be failure. The mixture was stirred until it thickened. We wanted to avoid getting a mixture with 2 distinct layers Noah solution on the bottom and oil on the top. When 2 distinct layers are forming, it was stirred vigorously using magnetic stirrer until the liquids are well stirred. 3. A small watch glass was placed over the mouth of the flask to minimize evaporation of the alcohol. 4. The oil-alcoholic-Noah solution was allowed to boil for at least 30 minutes. The undisclosed fat in the flask and solved by adding a little more ethanol and stirred. The temperature was kept just hot enough to have controlled boiling of the fat solution. 5. While the specification proceeded, a salt solution was prepared by completely dissolving go Nasal in 1 00 ml distilled water in a mall beaker. After he salt was completely dissolved, about half of this salt solution was transferred to another beaker and both beakers of salt solution was placed on ice to cool them. 6. After 30 minutes, the fat solution was tested to see if specification was completed by placing a few drops of the solution in a test tube of distilled eater. When the fat droplets floated to the top, the specification was not completed and allowed it to boil for an additional 10 minutes. 7. When the specification was completed, the hot reaction mixture was poured carefully into one beaker of salt solution and stirred for a minute or two. How to cite Preparation and Properties of soap, Papers

Discussion about Role of Theory

Question: Discuss about tthe role of theory. Answer: Johnson (2012) mentioned theory is a model or framework for observation and understanding, which shapes both what we see and how we see it. Theory allows the researcher to make links between the abstract and the concrete; the theoretical and the empirical; thought statements and observational statements. Michael Quinn Patton mentioned theory could intimidate people. To say that something's a theory makes it sound like there's no evidence for it or people are just sort of making it up or it's just a belief system. However, theory is an important part of research and scholarship. It is the central idea in the field of science. It plays different role in quantitative, qualitative and mixed method of research. Swiss educational psychologist had formulated a theory to analyze the moral and cognitive development of children. There are numerous amount of research work has been done all over the world in order to find out whether Piagets stages of development are applicable for different cultures or not. It is known as deductive theory and this approach is known as deductive approach as the research is derived or deduced form the theory (Johnson, 2012). This type of theory typically uses quantitative method. It has been found that theories highly depend on constructs and the identification of key variables. Unfortunately, men have been beating up on women across cultures throughout a great deal of history. But until that phenomenon and its impact was called the battered woman syndrome (Cooper et al., 2012). The understanding of battered woman syndrome comes from inductive theory. It requires studying women who are battered (interviewing or watching their lives). Inductive theory comes from qualitative field of work (Cooper et al., 2012). The theory is developed form the gathered data. Reference list Cooper, R., Chenail, R. J., Fleming, S. (2012). A Grounded Theory of Inductive Qualitative Research Education: Results of a Meta-Data-Analysis.Qualitative Report,17, pp.8-10. Johnson, R. H. (2012).Manifest rationality: A pragmatic theory of argument. Routledge.

Hi Jensen Essay Example For Students

Hi Jensen Essay You use the wrong word, confirm, rather than conform, which is what I think you mean. Please fix. Some other confusing points are made in what ways is Mersaults liberation ironic? Your explanation does not answer this. I think that your point that overcoming his fear is the main point is incorrect. I think he is just now convinced that his way of seeing the world is right and that the others have got it wrong. His execution vindicates his philosophy. I am also not sure what you mean by Firdauss mental freedom better to say that she overcomes her fear of men. Also why do you talk about hegemonies (plural) in Egyptian society? What groups of people are you referring to? However, the biggest problem with your opening paragraph is that you have not answered the question To what extent. I have no clear sense of a line of argument here. Para 2 Rethink your statements that Mersault advocates existentialism and FIrdaus advocates femininsm. These statements are too broad and not entirely true. Both come to a realisation about life and I think it is more important to outline what these realisations are, than to talk about advocacy. Overall the paragraph is not linked to your question or any line of argument. Para 3 What do you mean by human conventions ? How is this paragraph linked to your question? Para 4 The last sentence is a marginal point. I do not think overpriced rent/food are the key social ills being examined in the text. Para 5 Undeveloped paragraph that does not link to your question. What is the point you are making here? Para 6 I think your point about Mersaults rationale is correct, but you need to think Fridauss rationale. Paras 7-9 These are more paragaph fragments that do not have any direct link to your question or a clear line of argument. They just offer us bits of information. Para 10 (conclusion) Again, this does not link to your question or to any evident line of argument. WIthout such links, it becomes a meaningless conclusion. You really need to think more carefully about what your line of argument (thesis) is in this essay and make it explicit. Each paragraph in turn then proves this argument by providing detailed ideas and examples. A lot of work to do here Jensen. As it stands I would say you are on a level 5 here. Women at Point Zero by Nawal El Saadawi and Outsider by Albert Camus both present protagonists who refuse to conform to societys expectations. While Meursault was initially a physically and mentally free man of his own will, Firdaus was initially physically and mentally trapped by society. Meursault started off as a free man, there was a never a need to liberate himself since he the started of as a man who imposing his own principals on life. But when he commits a crime, he effectively loses his physical freedom with the killing on an Arab, then finally delivers himself again by overcoming the fear of death. On the other hand, Firdauss path of liberation begins with the the realisation of her inferior social standing in society as women, which denied her of the right to physical and mental freedom. However, each major change in Firdaus life brings increasing liberation from social hegemonies: Firdaus overcomes her physical entrapment by using her body as an instrument to gain profit, and later breaks through her mental entrapment by killing a man. Like Mersault, Firdaus final act of liberation is overcoming the fear of death itself. It can be said that the protagonists are both liberated on different levels: social, mental and physical. .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb , .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb .postImageUrl , .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb , .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb:hover , .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb:visited , .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb:active { border:0!important; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb:active , .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucd135fd121499b3e7efdf4fc4ed916cb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Benefits of the world Trade Organization EssayThrough these paths of liberation, the two texts share a common theme which emphasizes a strong rationale to be true to ones cause and belief even to the extent of self-sacrifice and to remain defiant to the submission to the ways of the social hegemony. However, there are subtle differences between their ideological paths of liberation. Meursault advocates existentialism as a way of living, Firdaus advocates feminism against patriarchy. Yet despite ideological differences, both characters show that by remaining true to ones principals, even in the face of social tyranny, it leads to ones physical, social and mental liberation. At first, the plight of both protagonists are not yet in conflict with the human conventions of the respective societies. Meursaults first words establish his lack of concern with social conventions: Mother died today. Or maybe yesterday, I dont know. Meursault is in complete control of his own life, compelled by simple bodily pleasures: the warm sea, the colour of the sky, his girlfriends body The water was warm and rippled with long, lazy waves.(p.37), The sky was green and I felt happy.(p.30), You could see the shape of her firm breasts (p.37) Meanwhile, Firdauss childhood life was one of sexual harassment by her uncle and rejection by her parents. At this point, the protagonists are coming from two very different circumstances: Meursault is free, while Firdaus is trapped. Later on, both protagonist make life changing decisions that are completely the opposite from what they were in the beginning. Meursault kills an Arab and loses his physical freedom through incarceration. The freedom Mersault esteems above all else has been taken from him, thus he is unable to carry out his principals of life. Firdaus becomes a prostitute and frees herself from her physical identity. She takes possession of the body that had been the source of torment, and turns it into a source of profit. What we can see here is a complete switch in circumstances. Meursaults body is trapped in jail, while Firdaus is willfully using her body to make a living. At this point, it can be said that Meursault has lost his physical freedom, while Firdaus taken her first step to liberation through converting her flesh into a profiting machine. However, though she is now in control of her body, she still ceases to be a prisoner to the capitalist system. Although she is freely choosing to use her body to make profit, she may not have chosen to do this, if there wasnt a system that required people to buy overpriced food and rent. However, when both protagonists commit murder, they are immediately imprisoned and condemned by the social hegemonies. When questioned, they both provide honest and simple explanations to crime. Yet, despite the extremity of their honesty, society only further condemns them. In The Outsider, Meursault refuses to lie about his experiences, ignoring the advice of his lawyer that would save his life. In Women at Point Zero, Firdaus rejects the parole offer from the psychologist. The rationales which both protagonists provided as a justification of their crime effectively juxtaposes with the hegemonys rationale for executing them. In The Outsider, the social hegemony proved itself to be incapable of understanding Meursaults motives and their decision to execute him only reinforces their ignorance, making a mockery of their justice. This is seen in another thing had surprised himI didnt know how old mother was. (p.86) I said quickly it was because of the sun. Some people laughed.(p.99)In Women at Point Zero, upon Firdauss arrest she argues for what you call my crime was no crime. This was responded with You criminal. You deserve to die. Both protagonists choose death over life, showing that they didnt believe the social hegemonies would ever give them genuine freedom even if released. If they had chosen to live, both protagonists would have sacrificed their principles to the demands of a corrupt society, thereby corrupting their own lives, and making a mockery of their own histories. In The Outsider, Meursault was provided with an opportunity to live multiple times but boldly turned them down. In Women at Point Zero, Firdaus was given a chance to be released but talked back to the authorities and expressed her desire to die than live. .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 , .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 .postImageUrl , .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 , .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14:hover , .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14:visited , .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14:active { border:0!important; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14:active , .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14 .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud6905038310aca837603b17bc1503e14:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Corporal Punishment EssayBoth protagonist chose to spend their final moments by reminiscing their past life, however there was not a hint of regret or resentment in their tone. When death arrived terrifyingly close, both protagonists accepted their fate calmly and willingly. In The Outsider, Meursault was reluctantly embroiled into a verbal fight with the chaplain who insisted that he turn over to god and was firmly rejected by Meursault who stated I had only a little time left and I didnt want to waste it on God. In Women at Point Zero, Firdaus finishes her story with I spit with ease on their lying faces and words, on their lying newspaper and shows her execution was a r esult of her negative reaction, which had not been expected by the male authorities, when she was given a chance to be released. Both protagonists believed that choosing their own death was the ultimate weapon against the corrupt social hegemony; Just as Firdaus chose to use her body to make money, instead of having it imposed on her by sinister creeps, she also chose her own death, rather than a life dictated by hegemonic powers. Meursault maintained his philosophy of freedom to the very end, freely choosing death, instead of a life amongst people with tyrannical demands. By denying an appeal they have liberated themselves a life that never promised free will. To conclude, we can see that both protagonists have successfully overcome the corruption of social hegemonies, however it is apparent in the two novels that the path to their liberation was completely different and that the motivating principles behind their actions were very different. Yet, despite these fundamental differences, everyone can agreed that their refusal to betray their own integrity had ultimately cost them their lives. To what extent do the actions of Meursault and Firdaus liberate them from the corruption of social hegemonies in The Outsider by Albert Camus and Women at Point Zero by Nawal El Saadawi?