Blake and Wordsworth Versus Society - Literature Essay Samples

Although scholars classify both William Wordsworth and William Blake as romantic poets, their writing styles and individual perspectives differ tremendously. Wordsworth, though he is not so blind as to ignore the strife that is prevalent in everyday society, tends to focus on more positive aspects of life, and chooses to dwells in an existence where silver-lined clouds float gently above pansy-blanketed fields. Blake, on the other hand, is more of a realist. He focuses on the many injustices humankind has suffered at the expense of industrialisation and on the malignancy of society.William Blakes The Tyger clearly shows the speakers jaded view of society. The Tyger laments the advent of civilisation in the 18th century. The speaker does not necessarily oppose industrialisation in itself; the evil he sees lies in what society has done with new technology. The tiger that Blake drew at the bottom of the poem appears to be caught in a state of wide-eyed wonder and astonishment. He certainly has the potential to wreak havoc, but in this moment of time, he seems to be reluctant to do so. This beautiful creature must be exposed to the proper conditions in order to respond in such a way. In Blakes view, technology is the same as the tiger. Machines, engines, and other technological advances are amazing inventions, but they all have the potential to destroy, maim, and kill. Our society provides technology with the opportunity to achieve these disastrous ends. Capitalistic factory owners exploit young children, sometimes resulting in their death, in order to become rich while others starve to death on the streets. Rapid advances in weaponry allow governments to achieve their political ends at the expense of soldiers blood. The speaker feels that the celestial beings waterd heaven with their tears (5.18) because they foresaw the atrocities the industrial revolution would bring to society. He wonders aloud if the people responsible for these inventions knew what the result would be. If so, did this please them? The fact that such base people could exist plagues the speaker in line 19: Did he smile his work to see? The speaker goes on to ask, Did he who made the Lamb make thee? (5.20) He finds it hard to believe that a God who could create something as soft and gentle as a lamb could allow the hard, fierce tiger- technology- to be made. Surely, a loving God would prevent a society from advancing so far that it destroys its own sense of humanity. Blake, through The Tyger, shows his very real understanding of the destructive elements of human society and civilisation.Blake continues his commentary on society in the poem London. At the beginning of the poem, the speaker wanders freely through London, yet he sees how ordered the city, and even the Thames River, is. Even the people cannot escape from their predetermined course in life: In every cry of every Man,/In every Infants cry of fear,/In every voice, in every ban,/The mind-forg d manacles I hear. (2.5-8) These manacles are formed in the mind; social status is merely an abstract construction. Society has declared that one born into poverty will remain in that state for the rest of his or her life. Even if this is true, who is to say that material wealth determines happiness and fullness of life? The speaker of London seems to be challenging these social traditions, and the society that creates such imposing restraints.While Blake sees society as an unfeeling monster that devours the downy innocents caught in its path, Wordsworth feels that society only ruins those who allow themselves to be jaded. In Resolution and Independence, the speaker starts the day full of life and youthful exuberance: The pleasant season did my heart employ:/My old remembrances went from me wholly;/And all the ways of men, so vain and melancholy. (3.19-21) While the speaker is happy at the moment, he realises that mankind cannot, or refuses to, escape from an existence marred by vain and melancholy. In stanza four, he begins to fear that with joy comes the realisation of all one has to lose; that for every mountain in life, there must also exist a valley that is at least as low as the mountain is high. However, this has not always been the case. The speaker reveals that My whole life I have lived in pleasant thought/As if lifes business were a summer mood;/As if all needful things would come unsought/To genial faith, still rich in genial good. (6.36-39) In other words, up until this present moment in time, he believed that in order to achieve happiness, all one had to do was have faith and lead a life of integrity, honesty and selflessness. Now, though, through exposure to society, he is filled with doubt and despair: We Poets in our youth begin in gladness;/ But thereof come in the end despondency and madness. (7.48-49) Another aspect of society that the speaker exposes in Resolution and Independence is the artificiality of everyday communication. Though he feels depressed, he approaches the leech-gatherer and says, This morning gives us promise of a glorious day. (12.84) He could just be trying to give the leech-gatherer, or even himself, hope of a pleasant afternoon. However, more probably, he is revealing that society dictates what one can and cannot say to people in different situations. This holds true even today, as a co-worker asks How are you?, and gets the expected reply: Fine. Does the person who asks actually care about how the other person is feeling? Will the other person still respond the same way if he or she is suicidal? Wordsworth recognised that people rarely feel free to speak what is actually on their minds, and brings this to the forefront in his ridiculous statement to the leech-gatherer.Wordsworth compares the old man to huge stone on top of a cliff (9.57-60). Seen in this light, the leech-gatherer is no longer just another person in society, but a marvel that is somehow connected to the univers e. Though he seems to have no reason to rejoice in life, he somehow seems content and fulfilled. He knows he possesses a significant role on earth, no matter how menial, and refuses to allow the despair and hopelessness of others affect him. Blake would undoubtedly see the old man and lament on the brutal society that allowed an elderly gentleman to arrive in such a state of apparent despondency. Wordsworth, however, sees an opportunity in the leech-gatherer. Instead of despairing over the old man he sees, the speaker instead chooses to learn what he can from him. Wordsworth sees what few others would: hope in an old man searching for leeches, wisdom in someone from the bottom of the economic and social ladder. The only people who are tainted by the evils of society are those who allow themselves to be.Blake and Wordsworth seem to agree that society is damaging. What they differ on though, is to what extent society has the ability with which to deplete the vitality of the bo dy, the hope of the soul, and the sharpness of the mind. Blake sees nothing redeeming whatsoever in society, and would likely want the existing social system to be removed and replaced with one that is not so rife with social disparities and strife. Wordsworth, on the other hand, realises that injustices do exist, but also believes that life is what one makes of it. Certainly, it is impossible to never experience sorrow, but it is also possible for members of all social classes to lead a fulfilling life complete with hope, joy, wisdom, and contentment. The choice, in Wordsworths view at least, lies in the conscience decisions made by every man, woman and child.Works CitedBlake, William. London. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams et al. New York, NY: W.W. Norton Company, Inc., 2000. 56-57.Blake, William. The Tyger. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams et al. New York, NY: W.W. Norton Company, Inc., 2000. 54.Wordsworth, William . Resolution and Independence. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams et al. New York, NY: W.W. Norton Company, Inc., 2000. 280-284.

Price Elasticity of Supply

This is the third article in this series on the economic concept of elasticity. The first explains the basic concept of elasticity and illustrates it using price elasticity of demand as an example. The second article in the series considers Income Elasticity of Demand.  Ã‚   A brief review  of the concept of elasticity and of price elasticity of demand appears in the section immediately following. In the section following that income elasticity of demand is also reviewed.  In the final section, price elasticity of supply is explained and its formula given in the context of the discussion and reviews in the previous sections. A Brief Review of Elasticity in Economics Consider the demand for a certain good—aspirin, for example. What happens to the demand for one manufacturers aspirin product when that manufacturer—which well call manufacturer X—raises the price? Keeping that question in mind, consider a different situation: the demand for the worlds most expensive new automobile, the  Koenigsegg CCXR Trevita. Its reported retail price is $4.8 million. What do you think might happen if the manufacturer raised the price to $5.2M or lowered it to $4.4M?   Now, return to the question of the demand for manufacturer Xs aspirin product following an increase in the retail price. If you guessed that the demand for Xs aspirin  might decline substantially, youd be right. It makes sense, because, first, every manufacturers aspirin product is essentially the same as anothers—theres no health advantage whatsoever in selecting one manufacturers product over another. Second, the product is widely available from a number of other manufacturers—the consumer always has a number available choices. So, when a consumer selects an aspirin product, one of the few things that distinguish manufacturer Xs product from others is that it costs a little more. So why would the consumer choose X? Well, some might continue to buy aspirin X out of habit or brand loyalty, but many very probably would not. Now, lets return to the Koenigsegg CCXR, which currently costs $4.8M, and think about what might happen if the price went up or down a few hundred thousand. If you thought it might not change the demand for the car by that much, youre right again. Why? Well, first of all, anyone in the market for a multi-million dollar automobile is not a frugal shopper. Someone who has money enough to consider the purchase is unlikely to be concerned about price. Theyre concerned primarily about the car, which is unique. So the second reason why the demand might not change much with price is that, really, if you want that particular driving experience, theres no alternative. How would you state these two situations in more formal economic terms? Aspirin has a high price elasticity of demand, meaning that small changes in price have greater demand consequences. The Koenigsegg CCXR Trevita has a low elasticity of demand, meaning that changing the price doesnt greatly change buyer demand.  Another way of stating the same thing a little more generally is that when the demand for the product has a percentage change thats less than the percentage change in the products price, the demand is said to be inelastic. When the percentage increase or decrease in demand is greater than the percentage increase in price, the demand  is said to be elastic.   The formula for price elasticity of demand, which is explained in a little more detail in the first article in this series, is: Price Elasticity of Demand (PEoD) (% Change in Quantity Demanded/ (% Change in Price) A Review of Income Elasticity of Demand The second article in this series, Income Elasticity of Demand, considers the effect on demand of a different variable, this time consumer income. What happens to consumer demand when consumer income drops? The article explains that what happens to consumer demand for a product when consumer income drops depends upon the product. If the product is a necessity—water, for instance—when consumer income drops they will continue to use water—perhaps a little more carefully—but theyll probably cut back on other purchases. To generalize this idea slightly, consumer demand for essential products will be relatively inelastic  with respect to changes in consumer income, but elastic  for products that are not essential. The formula for this is: Income Elasticity of Demand (% Change in Quantity Demanded)/(% Change in Income) Price Elasticity of Supply The price elasticity of supply (PEoS) is used to see how sensitive the supply of a good is to a price change. The higher the price elasticity, the more sensitive producers and sellers are to price changes. A very high price elasticity suggests that when the price of a good goes up, sellers will supply a great deal less of the good and when the price of that good goes down, sellers will supply a great deal more. A very low price elasticity implies just the opposite, that changes in price have little influence on supply. The formula for price elasticity of supply is: PEoS (% Change in Quantity Supplied)/(% Change in Price) As with the elasticity of other variables If PEoS 1 then Supply is Price Elastic (Supply is sensitive to price changes)If PEoS 1 then Supply is Unit ElasticIf PEoS 1 then Supply is Price Inelastic (Supply is not sensitive to price changes) Incidentally, we always ignore the negative sign when analyzing  price  elasticity, so PEoS is always positive.

Gender and Sexuality in Sports Essay - 973 Words

Gender and Sexuality in Sports When individuals, male or female, decide to enter a non-traditional sport for his/ her gender, there will inevitably be benefits and costs. Because sports themselves are divided along gender and race lines, one would expect that individuals who intend to play a sport deemed by culture and by society as counterintuitive are bound to be criticized and alienated because of their choices. Difference automatically threatens conventions, traditions, and expectations, and hence, it threatens the individuals who belong to that traditional sphere. Because sports are affected as much by funding as they are by issues of diversity and accessibility, the following questions address those issues: which group of people†¦show more content†¦Women, however, are perceived by society as the gentler sex. Women are thought of as nurturers, mothers, daughters, but they are not thought of as being physically strong or physically capable of being strong. Once women began to enter the sports world, their coaches and spectators had different standards for them. They were expected to look feminine, to wear feminine uniforms, and to compete against each other but to have no physical contact with other players. The fact is that when women first began to play sports they were still something to be objectified. They were something to survey, and they had to be pleasing to the eye (mens eyes). I want foxes, not oxes (Ed Temple, Tennessee State 1952). This statement reinforces societys expectations regarding not only the ways women are supposed to look as they are engaged in a sport but it also gives credibility to the type of sports women are traditionally allowed to play. Because gender constructions have been so influential in deciding what positions men and women occupy in the world and what part of ones identity should be reinforced in the activities one chooses to engage in, men and womens involvement in sports that do not reflect cultural and/or societal expectations like weight lifting, body building, boxing for women, and synchronized swimming, figure skating, field hockey for men can result in a number of conflicts. It can lead to social,Show MoreRelatedFemale Gender And Sexuality Constructed Through Sport3418 Words   |  14 PagesHow is female gender and sexuality constructed through sport? Within sport, as throughout society, gender differences exist. The socially constructed phenomenon of gender dictates a dichotomous system whereby females are feminine and males are masculine. Focusing on females specifically, society determines the feminine traits and roles ascribed to this gender. Being domesticated, slender, passive and heterosexual are a part of the desirable appearance that society has formed surrounding femininityRead More Societal Views on Sports and Gender Essay846 Words   |  4 PagesSocietal Views on Sports and Gender Sports have become a major part of American culture and society. It is ingrained in us as a small child that playing a sport is almost necessary. In elementary school we take physical education where we are exposed to competitive sport. But even at this level it is our genders that control which types of sports are deemed appropriate. Since women started to become involved in sports, there have always been those who have opposed them being there. We sawRead MoreSex Tests And Gender Policies Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagesup normative ideas about bodies, genders and sexualities in order to preserve the societal hierarchy that greatly benefits them. White, cisgender, heterosexual males are often at the top of this hierarchy and are the active perpetrators of their imposed rigid standards. Categories are created by these dominant groups to exercise their control and those who do not fit or refuse to categorize themselves are punished, either metaphorically or literally. In the sports realm, these norms are ubiquitousRead MoreThe Effects Of Queer Theory On Post Secondary Sport Teams1397 Words   |  6 PagesDRAFT ASSIGNMENT The Effects of Queer Theory On Post-Secondary Sport Teams Shayna Stoymenoff SDS378 Instructor: David Pereira February 29, 2016 The issue of sexuality in sports is highly complex and controversial. Through queer theory, it enables one to challenge traditional and heteronormative assumptions regarding gender and sexuality by reconstructing labels used for sexual identification, emphasizing both physical and mental strength and skill among British male university students and rejectingRead MoreAnalysis Of A Miniature Lit 1742 Words   |  7 PagesJarvis Washington Miniature Lit Review Introduction Gender inequality in sport is a hot button issue in our society today. Women, for the most part, have been on the short end of the stick for centuries in reference to participation in sports. Way back in Ancient times, women were not even allowed to watch the Olympics games because they were deemed â€Å"ladylike†. Women slowly began to play sports beginning in the 1800s. Some notable events were the first all-women’s golf tournament in Scotland inRead More Black Women in Sports: Sexuality and Athleticism Essay935 Words   |  4 PagesBlack Women in Sports: Sexuality and Athleticism Men and women who chose to engage in sports from which they would traditionally be discouraged because of their gender, particularly as professionals, redefine the sport. The social and cultural costs are not the result of the individuals participation, but rather the way in which sports have been socially, politically, and economically constructed. Gender is only one of the few ways in which people are categorized according to their proficiencyRead MoreThe Body, Gender, And Sexuality964 Words   |  4 PagesAllise Sellers Unit 2 Reading Response The body, gender, and sexuality are intertwined concepts that have been simplified to a point that attempts to explain each of these characteristic constructs purely through biology. However, ignoring the social implications in various cultures takes away from the complex analysis these foundational human descriptors actually deserve. In the writings of R.W. Connell, Suzanne Kessler, S.E. Smith, Lisa Wade, Riki Wilchins, and Patricia Hill Collins, these authorsRead MoreSocio-Cultural Influences On Sexuality. Socio-Cultural1156 Words   |  5 PagesSocio-Cultural Influences on Sexuality Socio-cultural influence plays a major role in sexual behaviors. It gives a better comprehension on why men are men and women are women. These socio-cultural are influenced by physical, emotional, cultural and economic aspects. Time and time again research has proven that socio-cultural influences have a significant role in human sexuality. Culture is the manner of life of the people. Thus, culture shapes the ideas of what behaviors are acceptable for men andRead Moreâ€Å"Transsexual and Transgender Policies in Sport†, Essay931 Words   |  4 PagesPolicies in Sport†, the vast variety of genders that make up our society today including transsexuals and transgender are still not accepted into the world of sports due to anxieties from large sporting organizations. In our culture, there is a ‘binary structure’ which separates male from female. When a person is transsexual or transgender, the binary structure becomes challenged. There are so many exceptions t o the binary structure, that it becomes nearly impossible to universalize â€Å"gender inclusiveRead MoreDo A Fast Food Commercial That Will Become Explicit As This Paper984 Words   |  4 Pagescommercial for this assignment because it is a good example of intersectionality with different cultural identifiers: gender, athlete, fast food, and a bit of sexuality. The four cultural differences are all interweaved in a very interesting way; however, let’s discussed each one. With Ronda, gender comes up very quickly. A female that can fight at this level shouts volumes for not only gender roles, but also cultural values. The cultural of men or woman has changed over the course of time—change has been

Sobek, the Crocodile God of Ancient Egypt

The Nile River may have been Egypt’s lifeblood, but it also held one of its greatest dangers: crocodiles. These giant reptiles were represented in Egypt’s pantheon, too, in the form of the god Sobek. Sobek and the Twelfth Dynasty Sobek rose to national prominence during the Twelfth Dynasty (1991-1786 B.C.). Pharaohs Amenemhat I and Senusret I built on the already existing worship of Sobek in Faiyum, and Senusret II constructed a pyramid at that site. Pharaoh Amenemhat III dubbed himself â€Å"beloved of Sobek of Shedet† and added splendid additions to the crocodile god’s temple there. To top it off, the first female ruler of Egypt, Sobekneferu (â€Å"the Beauty of Sobek†), hailed from this dynasty. There were even several relatively obscure rulers named Sobekhotep who made up part of the succeeding Thirteenth Dynasty. Most prominently worshiped in the Faiyum, an oasis in Upper Egypt (a.k.a. Shedet), Sobek remained a popular god throughout Egypt’s millennia-long history. Legend has it that one of Egypt’s first kings, Aha, built a temple to Sobek in the Faiyum. In the Pyramid  Texts of the Old Kingdom pharaoh Unas, Aha is referred to as the â€Å"lord of Bakhu,† one of the mountains that supported Heaven. Sobek in Greco-Roman Times Even in Greco-Roman times, Sobek was honored. In his Geography, Strabo discusses the Faiyum, of Arsinoe, a.k.a. Crocodopolis (the City of the Crocodile) and Shedet. He says: â€Å"The people in this Nome hold in very great honor the crocodile, and there is a sacred one there which is kept and fed by itself in a lake, and is tame to the priests.† The croc was also venerated around Kom Ombo—at a temple complex built by the Ptolemies  and near the city of Thebes, where there was a cemetery full of crocodile mummies. A Monster in Myth In the Pyramid Texts, Sobeks mama, Neith, is mentioned, and his attributes are discussed. The Texts state: â€Å"I am Sobek, green of plumage[†¦]I appear as Sobek, Neith’s son. I eat with my mouth, I urinate and copulate with my penis. I am lord of semen, who takes women from their husbands to the place I like according to my mind’s fancy.† From this passage, it is clear that  Sobek was involved in fertility. In the Middle Kingdom-era Hymn to Hapy,  Sobek—who was the god of the Niles inundation—bares his teeth as the Nile floods and fertilizes Egypt. To further his monster-like demeanor, Sobek is described as having eaten Osiris. In fact, cannibalization of gods by other gods wasn’t uncommon. Crocodiles weren’t always seen as benevolent, however, they were  sometimes  thought to be messengers of  Set, god of destruction. Sobek helped Osiris’s son, Horus, when, Isis (Horus mother), cut his hands off. Re asked Sobek to retrieve them, and he did so by  inventing a fishing trap.

Authoritative And Authoritarian Parenting Styles Essay

Tashanique Jolliff Professor Li Huang Psychology 02 December 2016 Authoritative and Authoritarian Parenting Starting at birth, children begin to develop social and emotional skills. A strong foundation of social and emotional skills will help them make better choices in adulthood. It is important for parents, no matter their age, to ensure their children are adequately prepared to face challenges later in life by maintaining a loving home environment that nurtures their ability to learn about themselves and the world around them. Negative parenting styles are likely to hinder a child’s cognitive, language, social, emotional skills (like self-control and self-confidence) and wellbeing. These skills are essential for school readiness. Throughout childhood and teenage years’ people are obtaining life skills and problem-solving abilities that prepare them to resist and maneuver challenges in adulthood. During the 1960s, developmental psychologist Diana Baumrind described two different types of parenting styles based on her researcher with preschool-age children. One of the main parenting styles is known as the authoritative parenting style. This style is sometimes referred to as democratic and involves a child-centric approach in which parents hold high expectations for their children. Characteristics of the Authoritative Parenting Style: †¢ Listen to their children †¢ Encourage independence †¢ Place limits, consequences, and expectations on their children s behavior †¢ ExpressShow MoreRelatedThe Parenting Styles Authoritative, Authoritarian, And Permissive Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesparent your children? What is your parenting style? Experts have identified four major parenting types: Permissive, Authoritarian, Uninvolved, and Authoritative. Diana Baumrind (1966) was the one to identify three of the parenting styles Authoritative, Authoritarian, and Permissive. Martin and Maccoby (1983) expanded on Baumrind’s parenting styles and added the Uninvolved style. Which style of parenting do you think you fall into? Frist, Authoritative Parenting is considered the most successfulRead MoreParenting Styles, Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive And Uninvolved981 Words   |  4 PagesParenting style has a big impact on how children develop into adults, and there are important implications for their future success. (Ronald Riggio, 2014) How a parent treated their child will follow the child for the rest of its life. Different parenting styles and their punishments that follow can affect the child mentally (psychological disorders) and physically (obesity). While we all know some forms of punishment is uncalled for such as persistence spanking is not typically just punishment butRead MoreChildren And Parenting Styles Are Authoritarian, Permissive And Authoritative1031 Words   |  5 Pagesmake us into good people. Some parent’s were very strick with their children, while some were the complete opposite. However, according to Balswick and Balswick (2014), †Children who grow up with out adequate guidance become fertile ground for authoritarian leaders or cults that prey on neglected young people† (p. 113). Also, according to Wilson et al. (2011), maltreated children are in constant state of stress which can permanently damage their brains, speeding of slowing down emotional responsesRead MoreParenting Styles : Authoritarian, Permissive, Uninvolved, And Authoritative982 Words   |  4 PagesGood parenting is essential for a child’s educational and behavioral success and is a stressed trait throughout the world; however, in different cultures, good parenting can be defined and measured in many contrasting ways. In the United States, parenting and discipline methods have become controversial in the past fifty years, and the methods for raising children have drastically changed in some households. According to psychologist Diana Baumrind, there are four different parenting styles: authoritarianRead MoreParenting Styles: Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive, and Uninvolved879 Words   |  4 Pagesworldwide parenting skills are essential to maintain a healthy society. Parenting involves many aspects and requires many skills. It is a time to nurture, instruct, and correct in order to develop fundamental skills children will need to be mature, responsible, and contributing adults to a society. There are four commonly identified parenting styles; authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved parenting. Of the four parenting styles, two remain on opposite ends of the parenting spectrumRead MoreDifferent Parenting Styles, Authoritative, Authoritarian, Permissive, And Uninvolved Essay1538 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay explores the four different types of parenting styles, authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved. The exploration of each parenting s tyle is examined, and the outcomes of each parenting style for the child is learned. Each parenting style has positives and negatives, but overall this essay informs the reader about which parenting style is best linked to success in their child’s education. Information for this essay has been gathered from three sources, the sources beingRead MoreEssay about Parenting Styles745 Words   |  3 PagesParenting styles have been grouped into three different categories: authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative. The authoritarian approach to parenting provides children with a clear set of rules which have to be followed without question or reason, while permissive parents constantly are giving into their child’s every wish. The authoritative parenting style gives children rules along with explanations for those rules, and reinforces good behavior. Therefore parents should make sure theRead MoreParenting Styles And Its Effect On Children Essay1382 Words   |  6 Pagesundeniable that parenting styles and their effectiveness vary. In research, parenting styles have been split into four categories the authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and the uninvolved. Within these categories, researches have attempted to map the effectiveness of parenting styles and the positive and negative outcomes of each. Despite the eclectic and commonly erratic nature of family structures, practices, and norms, we can start to break apart the authoritarian, authoritative, permissiveRead MoreThe Benefits of Authoritative Parenting Style621 Words   |  3 PagesA child will either grow up in authoritative or authoritarian parenting. What are they? Authoritative is the style where the parents combine warmth and affection with firm limits on a child. Authoritarian is the style of parenting in which the parent is rigid and overly strict, showing little warmth to the child. A child who grows up in authoritative household will have parents who understand them and are willing to listen to them when they have problems. The parents will show that they love theirRead MoreInfluence Of Communication Between Parents And Their Children992 Words   |  4 PagesInfluence of communication between parents and their children, and how different parenting styles affect Childhood Development Language and communication are interdependent to one another. Communication influences the way that people think and interact with others, whilst language is used to express thoughts and feelings in order to better the communication between individuals. Therefore it is known that without the use of language, people would be unable to express their feelings which would lead

Preparation and Properties of soap Free Essays

Materials and Apparatus: Olive oil, 95% ethanol, beaker, 50% sodium hydroxide solution, Boucher alter, hot plate, salt solution, magnetic stirrer, filter funnel, glass rod, filter paper, weighing balance, watch glass and measuring cylinder. From the diagram above, we can clearly see that the ionic (highly polar and charges) natures of salts makes them soluble in water. However, the non- polar hydrocarbon (aliphatic) tail of the soap molecules would cause them to be miscible with non-polar substances and enable them to dissolve in water. We will write a custom essay sample on Preparation and Properties of soap or any similar topic only for you Order Now Normally, solid soaps are consist of sodium salts of fatty acids and liquid soaps consist of potassium salts of fatty acids. Soap can be prepared by a process known as specification. Historically, soaps were made by boiling the fat of animal, lye and in a aqueous Noah and KOCH solution containing potash. Of course, this was done long time ago before anyone had any idea of understanding the chemical transformations. Now, we know that this process is a reaction of esters with a strong base such as KOCH or Noah. The esters, triglycerides are the main constituents of vegetable oil and animal fats. The triglyceride is a trim-ester come along with 3 long fatty acid hydrocarbon chain. When triglyceride reacts with 3 equivalents strong aqueous base solution such as Noah or KOCH, the three ester bonds are hydroxide to yield 3 fatty acid salts (soap molecules) and one glycerol. The specification can also be called â€Å"base hydrolysis†. Industrially, soap is made by reaction of Noah together with vegetable fat. It is crucial to utilize enough Noah to make sure a complete specification Of triglycerides. If there is insufficient base, time and heat provided, then the result would be incomplete specification and the soap product can be very brittle. If the specification is complete, Nasal is added to precipitate the soap. The aqueous portion is decanted off. The remaining substance would be crude soap which contains some impurities such as Nasal, Noah or glycerol. In the lab, we do not have enough time to purify the crude soap. This purification would consist of re-dissolving the soap in boiling water and then cooling and precipitating again by adding Nasal. The soap in the experiment would be made out from olive oil, the chemical structure of olive oil (C52H9606) would be like this: Procedure: 1 . About ml Olive Oil was added to a mall_ beaker and dissolved it in ml of 95% ethanol. Excessive oil was not used to avoid additional ethanol to dissolve it. 2. When the olive oil was completely dissolved, the beaker was put on the hot plate and the temperature was maintained to about ICC. The flask was swirled to mix the solution. Next, ml of 50% Noah solution was poured down the glass-stirring rod intro the oil solution. A small amount of the Noah solution was trickled down the rod very slowly and then stopped to stir. Then, a little more Noah was trickled in. The Noah solution was not poured into the oil too quickly. This was due to the reason that pouring the Noah solution too quickly Will cause the oil to separate from the Noah solution, and the final product would be failure. The mixture was stirred until it thickened. We wanted to avoid getting a mixture with 2 distinct layers Noah solution on the bottom and oil on the top. When 2 distinct layers are forming, it was stirred vigorously using magnetic stirrer until the liquids are well stirred. 3. A small watch glass was placed over the mouth of the flask to minimize evaporation of the alcohol. 4. The oil-alcoholic-Noah solution was allowed to boil for at least 30 minutes. The undisclosed fat in the flask and solved by adding a little more ethanol and stirred. The temperature was kept just hot enough to have controlled boiling of the fat solution. 5. While the specification proceeded, a salt solution was prepared by completely dissolving go Nasal in 1 00 ml distilled water in a mall beaker. After he salt was completely dissolved, about half of this salt solution was transferred to another beaker and both beakers of salt solution was placed on ice to cool them. 6. After 30 minutes, the fat solution was tested to see if specification was completed by placing a few drops of the solution in a test tube of distilled eater. When the fat droplets floated to the top, the specification was not completed and allowed it to boil for an additional 10 minutes. 7. When the specification was completed, the hot reaction mixture was poured carefully into one beaker of salt solution and stirred for a minute or two. How to cite Preparation and Properties of soap, Papers

Discussion about Role of Theory

Question: Discuss about tthe role of theory. Answer: Johnson (2012) mentioned theory is a model or framework for observation and understanding, which shapes both what we see and how we see it. Theory allows the researcher to make links between the abstract and the concrete; the theoretical and the empirical; thought statements and observational statements. Michael Quinn Patton mentioned theory could intimidate people. To say that something's a theory makes it sound like there's no evidence for it or people are just sort of making it up or it's just a belief system. However, theory is an important part of research and scholarship. It is the central idea in the field of science. It plays different role in quantitative, qualitative and mixed method of research. Swiss educational psychologist had formulated a theory to analyze the moral and cognitive development of children. There are numerous amount of research work has been done all over the world in order to find out whether Piagets stages of development are applicable for different cultures or not. It is known as deductive theory and this approach is known as deductive approach as the research is derived or deduced form the theory (Johnson, 2012). This type of theory typically uses quantitative method. It has been found that theories highly depend on constructs and the identification of key variables. Unfortunately, men have been beating up on women across cultures throughout a great deal of history. But until that phenomenon and its impact was called the battered woman syndrome (Cooper et al., 2012). The understanding of battered woman syndrome comes from inductive theory. It requires studying women who are battered (interviewing or watching their lives). Inductive theory comes from qualitative field of work (Cooper et al., 2012). The theory is developed form the gathered data. Reference list Cooper, R., Chenail, R. J., Fleming, S. (2012). A Grounded Theory of Inductive Qualitative Research Education: Results of a Meta-Data-Analysis.Qualitative Report,17, pp.8-10. Johnson, R. H. (2012).Manifest rationality: A pragmatic theory of argument. Routledge.